top professions for girls and men, new relevant professions in the world. City farmer and other options for the near future

The main mis­take of par­ents who are try­ing to “try on” a pro­fes­sion for a school­child is a ref­er­ence to what is hap­pen­ing in the pro­fes­sion mar­ket now. And some­times even yes­ter­day. The over­flow of appli­cants for eco­nom­ics and law 15 years ago led to the fact that a huge per­cent­age of young peo­ple with these diplo­mas end­ed up work­ing in com­plete­ly dif­fer­ent areas. That is why the algo­rithm of think­ing of a mod­ern par­ent should be dif­fer­ent: in pri­or­i­ty — pro­fes­sions for which the future belongs.

The Oxford Mar­tin School pre­sent­ed a study that claims that up to 45% of jobs in devel­oped coun­tries in the next two decades will be replaced by machine-based auto­mat­ed devices. And the first automa­tion will affect (and has already affect­ed) those pro­fes­sions where rou­tine work is expect­ed. Librar­i­ans and sta­tis­ti­cians will dis­ap­pear, cred­it man­agers and trav­el agents will be replaced by machines, and even dis­patch­ers, phar­ma­cists and trans­la­tors are pre­dict­ing dis­ap­point­ing lay­offs.

Accord­ing to experts, the list of irrel­e­vant pro­fes­sions is at risk of being a sys­tem admin­is­tra­tor, an oper­a­tor of pub­lic ser­vices, a real­tor, a notary, and oth­ers. But cre­ative pro­fes­sions remain in the cat­e­go­ry of nec­es­sary ones. Cre­atives and orga­niz­ers in the field of cul­ture, cin­e­ma and shows will be need­ed. There are a num­ber of pro­fes­sions that today are bea­cons for high school stu­dents, and not in vain.

There is evi­dence that on aver­age a mod­ern per­son spends 6 hours 42 min­utes a day on the Inter­net. And the Rus­sians even more — 7 hours 17 min­utes a day. It is obvi­ous that a large pro­fes­sion­al resource is required for such a rapid­ly devel­op­ing sphere that has cap­tured dif­fer­ent aspects of human life. And in the rank­ing of pop­u­lar pro­fes­sions, this is the Inter­net mar­keter. In short, this per­son is engaged in attract­ing cus­tomers. For exam­ple, the pro­duc­tion of brand­ed cloth­ing was opened. It is sim­ply phys­i­cal­ly dif­fi­cult for the store own­er to do every­thing, includ­ing attract­ing online cus­tomers, so he hires a spe­cial­ist who will be respon­si­ble for this area of ​​​​action.

An inter­net mar­keter does the fol­low­ing:

• devel­ops a brand pro­mo­tion strat­e­gy;
• devel­ops a sales fun­nel;
• con­nects adver­tis­ing tools;
• con­trols and opti­mizes traf­fic;
• con­ducts ana­lyt­ics, etc.

If the brand is large, and it has social media accounts with a huge num­ber of sub­scribers, the mar­keter will assem­ble a team. It will include SMS, targe­tol­o­gists, copy­writ­ers, direc­tol­o­gists and oth­er spe­cial­ists. The lat­est spe­cial­ties do not require a “crust” with proof of the nec­es­sary edu­ca­tion, because they do not yet teach SMS and targe­tol­o­gists in uni­ver­si­ties. But study­ing in online cours­es is wel­come, because these are real pro­fes­sions, and a per­son “from scratch” will not be able to effec­tive­ly engage in them. In a word, an Inter­net mar­keter is a pro­fes­sion that is broad in terms of func­tion­al­i­ty, requir­ing from a spe­cial­ist both finan­cial com­pe­tence and con­fi­dent knowl­edge of mar­ket­ing, often also knowl­edge of lan­guages. This is a good start for a busi­ness career, a great oppor­tu­ni­ty to learn how to play a team game, although most of the actions will have to be done remote­ly.

This is a nar­row­er spe­cial­ty, although it has some­thing in com­mon with the pro­fes­sion of an Inter­net mar­keter. A con­tex­tu­al adver­tis­ing spe­cial­ist (as this pro­fes­sion often sounds) is able to effec­tive­ly, com­pe­tent­ly orga­nize an adver­tis­ing cam­paign to pro­mote a prod­uct or ser­vice, intro­duc­ing a brand to a large audi­ence.

What does a con­tex­tu­al adver­tis­ing spe­cial­ist do:

• devel­ops an adver­tis­ing cam­paign strat­e­gy;
• cre­ates adver­tis­ing;
• sets up ads, places them;
• mon­i­tors the cam­paign, eval­u­ates its effec­tive­ness, makes adjust­ments;
• com­ple­ments and improves the exist­ing ad unit.

This pro­fes­sion is con­fi­dent­ly in trends, because this spe­cial­ist cre­ates new sites and ser­vices, as well as sup­ports and main­tains exist­ing ones. He must study the cus­tomer’s task, help find the opti­mal solu­tion, make code for the front-end and back-end (rep­re­sen­ta­tives of relat­ed pro­fes­sions), test it and fix errors. And then eval­u­ate the results. Exam­ples of web devel­op­er tasks:

• devel­op an adap­tive land­ing page for the prod­uct;
• engage in the inte­gra­tion of the pay­ment sys­tem;
• cre­ate an inter­face for user reg­is­tra­tion.

And in more detail, you can con­sid­er the essence of the work of a web devel­op­er on a prac­ti­cal exam­ple, when, for exam­ple, the task is to launch an online store.

• The devel­op­er receives the task, he also eval­u­ates the dead­line. If they suit his col­leagues and supe­ri­ors, they are record­ed in the task track­er.
• A new online ser­vice is not just a task, but a large-scale project that must be bro­ken into parts (they call it decom­pos­ing).
• Per­haps, work will begin with coop­er­a­tion with the design­er, the lay­out and details of the solu­tion will be stud­ied. For this, the devel­op­er’s tool will be graph­ic edi­tors.
• The next step is to write the code. This is usu­al­ly done in a spe­cial text edi­tor, although it is not nec­es­sary.
• The writ­ten code needs to be test­ed. Check how its func­tion­al­i­ty will behave if the user has made a non-stan­dard action. Man­u­al test­ing does not can­cel auto­mat­ed test­ing; a web devel­op­er also writes tests for the lat­ter.

These 5 steps are the essence of the work of this spe­cial­ist, although, of course, in a short descrip­tion you can only go through the tops.

A pro­gram­mer is engaged in the cre­ation of com­put­er pro­grams. He also devel­ops web­sites and appli­ca­tions. Can a pro­gram­mer be called a web devel­op­er, and vice ver­sa? Basi­cal­ly, you can. It’s just that once all the peo­ple involved in writ­ing code and main­tain­ing com­put­ers were called pro­gram­mers. The dig­i­tal indus­try is devel­op­ing, and there­fore such com­mon names are divid­ed into many high­ly spe­cial­ized ones. The pro­gram­mer works in dif­fer­ent oper­at­ing sys­tems, uses dif­fer­ent pro­gram­ming lan­guages, and there are more than a dozen of them. The most demand­ed in Rus­sia and the coun­tries of the for­mer USSR can be con­sid­ered an appli­ca­tion pro­gram­mer. To under­stand what he does, you can com­pare it with the sys­tem. The sys­tem one devel­ops oper­at­ing sys­tems, the applied one cre­ates web­sites, appli­ca­tions, games, soft­ware.

A soft­ware engi­neer, for exam­ple, pro­vides mech­a­nized and auto­mat­ed pro­cess­ing of infor­ma­tion that enters the infor­ma­tion and com­put­er cen­ter. A soft­ware engi­neer can be engaged in automa­tion and mech­a­niza­tion of the pro­duc­tion process, etc. And there is a sep­a­rate cat­e­go­ry of spe­cial­ists called mar­keters-pro­gram­mers. This is a pro­fes­sion­al who owns the sci­ence of mar­ket­ing and has exten­sive knowl­edge in pro­gram­ming. It turns out that he owns two pro­fes­sions, which means that the list of his com­pe­ten­cies is much high­er than that of pos­si­ble com­peti­tors.

Sep­a­rate­ly, it is worth say­ing a lit­tle about the pro­fes­sions that have already been men­tioned above, as well as sup­ple­ment­ing the list. In the list of demand­ed new pro­fes­sions will be:

• SMS. This is a spe­cial­ist who devel­ops a cus­tomer account. He works on social media. But social net­works have long ceased to be an addi­tion­al point of sale, and are increas­ing­ly act­ing as the main trad­ing field, there­fore, an ambi­tious brand can­not exist with­out an SMM spe­cial­ist. In oth­er words, this is a per­son engaged in social media mar­ket­ing. It unob­tru­sive­ly directs the cus­tomer’s sub­scribers to per­form the tar­get action that is rel­e­vant to him. This could be going to a web­site, buy­ing a prod­uct, vot­ing for a can­di­date, fill­ing out a sur­vey, watch­ing a video and leav­ing a reac­tion, etc.
• Copy­writer. At the moment, the term is a gen­er­al­ized name for spe­cial­ists in dif­fer­ent areas. One thing unites them for sure — this per­son writes texts for mon­ey. These can be long arti­cles (long reads) or prod­uct descrip­tions, adver­tis­ing slo­gans and texts for social net­works. It is assumed that the spe­cial­ist owns the word, which helps the cus­tomer to sell their prod­uct, ser­vice, attract guests to the site, etc.
• Data Sci­en­tist. This is an ana­lyt­ics expert, one of the most attrac­tive and well-paid new jobs right now. A begin­ner in Rus­sia can count on 60,000 rubles a month, and a super pro — 220,000 rubles. If a young spe­cial­ist does not want to lim­it him­self geo­graph­i­cal­ly, he knows lan­guages ​​and is com­pe­tent in his field, he can get a job in oth­er coun­tries of the world. A spe­cial­ist works with com­pa­ny data, stud­ies it, looks for depen­den­cies, draws con­clu­sions, visu­al­izes, etc. He uses math­e­mat­i­cal algo­rithms, spe­cial soft­ware and devel­op­ment tools. It can work with text, sound, video, doc­u­ments, etc.
• Targe­tol­o­gist. If a per­son recent­ly searched the Inter­net for pho­tos of girls with fash­ion­able hand­bags for spring, the next day in his social net­works he will see an adver­tise­ment for bags. The targe­tol­o­gist is engaged in set­ting up tar­get­ed adver­tis­ing. More­over, not only in social net­works, but also in search engines. He defines the tar­get audi­ence and adjusts the ad so that it reach­es the right cus­tomers.
• Video edi­tor. Some high school stu­dents start work­ing as a video edi­tor while still at school. And giv­en how much video con­tent is being pro­duced now, it becomes clear that more and more cus­tomers need edi­tors. In uni­ver­si­ties, this is prac­ti­cal­ly not taught, but cer­tain knowl­edge can be obtained in online cours­es. True, it is not bad if the spe­cial­ist has a high­er relat­ed edu­ca­tion: in the field of com­put­er tech­nol­o­gy or even art (you need to have an idea about har­mo­ny, aes­thet­ics, etc.).

All these pro­fes­sions are not yet at risk — the nec­es­sary per­son­al par­tic­i­pa­tion, the look of a cre­ative per­son or a spe­cial kind of ana­lyst is not yet sub­ject to machines. Yes, and a huge num­ber of today’s school­child­ren are close and inter­est­ed in the niche in which the list­ed spe­cial­ists will be involved. That is, the rat­ing of safe and in-demand pro­fes­sions will include an Inter­net mar­keter, a con­tex­tu­al adver­tis­ing spe­cial­ist, a targe­tol­o­gist, a web devel­op­er, etc.

The beau­ty indus­try has also expand­ed sig­nif­i­cant­ly in the last decade. Now the word “hair­dress­er” is used less fre­quent­ly, because in many salons spe­cial­ists are divid­ed not between those who cut hair, and those who deal with com­plex col­or­ing. The pro­fes­sion of a hair­dress­er has always attract­ed girls: it is afford­able, high­er edu­ca­tion is not required, and good career prospects. And for women, this is real­ly a good option: find­ing a suit­able col­lege, sup­ple­ment­ing edu­ca­tion with cours­es is not so dif­fi­cult, and not so expen­sive. But to gain a foothold and grow in the pro­fes­sion is hard­er, because it should be exact­ly a voca­tion.

What oth­er pro­fes­sions should girls pay atten­tion to:

• pho­to retouch­er - pas­sion for pho­to edi­tors can be turned into earn­ings;
• nail styl­ists — so called those who are engaged in nail design;
• illus­tra­tors — the pro­fes­sion is also suit­able for guys, but too many girls were able to loud­ly declare them­selves in this pro­fes­sion and form a rec­og­niz­able per­son­al brand;
• archi­tects — if you think a lit­tle, this spe­cial­ty looks archa­ic com­pared to the pre­vi­ous ones, but it is real­ly in demand and promis­ing, because cities are being rebuilt, and many new objects are being cre­at­ed in them;
• testers — not only guys work in the IT field.

In this list, diverse pro­fes­sions are spe­cial­ly select­ed, because it is impos­si­ble (and not nec­es­sary) to focus appli­cants on only one area. As long as med­i­cine can­not exist with­out doc­tors, this pro­fes­sion will also be con­sid­ered in demand, and this is a fair state­ment. But ped­a­gogy, which is los­ing pop­u­lar­i­ty, is not a rea­son to aban­don plans to con­nect her life with the edu­ca­tion and upbring­ing of chil­dren, if a high school stu­dent real­ly has an incli­na­tion for this. If the throw­ing relates to a finan­cial issue, one should remem­ber tal­ent­ed tutors, speech ther­a­pists in great demand, teach­ers who have queues at child devel­op­ment cen­ters, etc.

Most of the above pro­fes­sions are suit­able for men. But the list can be expand­ed.

• Roboti­cist. The spe­cial­ist devel­ops robots and main­tains them. Of course, girls can also work in robot­ics, but tra­di­tion­al­ly more guys come to class­es even at school. To become this spe­cial­ist, you need to grad­u­ate from a uni­ver­si­ty with a degree in Robot­ics and Mecha­tron­ics.
• Biotech­nol­o­gist. He stud­ies liv­ing organ­isms and directs this knowl­edge to solve engi­neer­ing prob­lems. A sim­ple exam­ple: by exam­in­ing vision, a per­son can opti­mize and upgrade exist­ing track­ing sys­tems.
• Urban­ist. Inter­est in this pro­fes­sion appeared not so long ago, because it itself is quite new. It can be called butt, because the spe­cial­ist has knowl­edge in con­struc­tion, archi­tec­ture, soci­ol­o­gy and even psy­chol­o­gy.
• Vir­tu­al space design­er. This work can also be attrib­uted to the IT-sphere.
• Cyber ​​secu­ri­ty spe­cial­ist. Its main task is to pro­tect infor­ma­tion from leak­age.

It makes sense to start by list­ing gen­er­al trends. Ana­lysts say that infor­ma­tion tech­nol­o­gy will not only devel­op, but also require greater com­pe­ten­cies from employ­ees. This means that those who once retrained, com­plet­ed express cours­es or sim­ply do not devel­op in the pro­fes­sion, work with the old tools, will be tread on the heels of edu­cat­ed spe­cial­ists who are ready to adapt to the study of new pro­grams, lan­guages, new infor­ma­tion. And this will hap­pen in the near future.

What oth­er areas will devel­op and grow:

• robot­ics;
• con­struc­tion and recon­struc­tion;
• ecol­o­gy;
• biotech­nol­o­gy;
• the med­i­cine.

It is worth pay­ing atten­tion to inter­est­ing pro­fes­sions of the not very dis­tant future.

• City farmer. A chic spe­cial­ty, because a per­son with this pro­fes­sion will have to devel­op farm­ing on the roofs of hous­es and build­ings in large cities. And this requires a fun­da­men­tal­ly dif­fer­ent agri­cul­tur­al tech­nol­o­gy, at least.
• Robot­ics Devel­op­er. It sounds like a non-exis­tent pro­fes­sion, but there is no doubt that it will appear (and the process has already begun). Anoth­er name is robot­ics lawyer. It will be such an inter­me­di­ary between a per­son and a robot that will not allow the lat­ter to harm a per­son. Sounds like some­thing like a “super­hero”, but it’s real­i­ty.
• Space guide. It is pre­dict­ed that already in 2030 space tourism will no longer be an absolute rar­i­ty, and wealthy peo­ple will be able to afford to “go into space on vaca­tion.”
• Ecosys­tem recon­struc­tion spe­cial­ist. The resources of the plan­et are being deplet­ed every day, and in 10 years the urgency of the prob­lem will require that spe­cial­ists appear to help solve it. We are talk­ing about non-renew­able oil reserves, as well as dying plants and ani­mals. Spe­cial­ists, col­lect­ing genet­ic mate­r­i­al, will be able to restore some of their species.
• Body design­er. This is a spe­cial­ist in the field of bio­engi­neer­ing. And now we can dream that we will live to see a time when an injured organ can be replaced (this is part­ly true today), but the scale will be dif­fer­ent. Body design­ers will turn the desires of clients into mock-ups, and sur­geons will be able to focus on these mock-ups.
• Engi­neer-devel­op­er of con­stant pow­er devices. The tran­si­tion to sus­tain­able ener­gy is on the list of the most promis­ing chal­lenges for human­i­ty. A per­son will learn to use the ener­gy of the sun and wind more effi­cient­ly, one might say, it will become the only source of nutri­tion. That is why the prob­a­bil­i­ty of a high demand for such spe­cial­ists is rat­ed as very high.
• Cura­tor of per­son­al data. Many peo­ple know what neur­al inter­faces are. In sim­ple terms, they con­nect the human brain to a com­put­er. A per­son will be able to record their own mem­o­ries, thoughts and even plans and share them on social net­works. So the cura­tor of per­son­al data will com­bine this infor­ma­tion into a com­mon stream, adapt it to the sub­mis­sion and present it prop­er­ly.

It is also very impor­tant to say that it is no longer nec­es­sary to rely on the dom­i­nant aca­d­e­m­ic edu­ca­tion received once in a life­time and for­ev­er. In fact, this sit­u­a­tion still exists today. Peo­ple began to study more often, in addi­tion to uni­ver­si­ties, to take var­i­ous cours­es that can be more effec­tive than 5 years at the insti­tute in terms of sat­u­ra­tion with infor­ma­tion, knowl­edge and skills. But in order to build a career, you will need to con­stant­ly study, because the infor­ma­tion in this world becomes out­dat­ed very quick­ly. It is pre­cise­ly on flex­i­bil­i­ty in obtain­ing edu­ca­tion, on under­stand­ing the impor­tance of self-edu­ca­tion, on open­ness to new things, that the chil­dren who choose a pro­fes­sion today should be ori­ent­ed.