what are they? Metallurgists and social engineers, computer (network) and technicians, technical support engineers and others

Among a large num­ber of pro­fes­sions, engi­neers have been pop­u­lar for a long time. This spe­cial­ty does not lose its rel­e­vance, as it includes the design, test­ing of the devel­oped meth­ods, the oper­a­tion of equip­ment and sys­tems. What are engi­neers, we will con­sid­er fur­ther.

An engi­neer­ing spe­cial­ty involves obtain­ing a tech­ni­cal edu­ca­tion and a cer­tain lev­el of qual­i­fi­ca­tion. Engi­neers are opti­miz­ing exist­ing devel­op­ments in var­i­ous areas, and also con­tribute to the imple­men­ta­tion of new projects, tak­ing into account mod­ern tech­nolo­gies. The spe­cial­ty is close­ly con­nect­ed with the world of sci­ence and mod­ern knowl­edge, so it is suit­able for those who want to real­ize the poten­tial of their intel­lect.

The pro­fes­sion of an engi­neer is quite in demand in var­i­ous indus­tries, since the job descrip­tion of such a spe­cial­ist stip­u­lates the abil­i­ty of a spe­cial­ist to cre­ate tech­ni­cal doc­u­men­ta­tion and draw­ings. In each spe­cif­ic indus­try, the tasks will be set by the com­pa­ny pro­file. There are the fol­low­ing types of engi­neer­ing spe­cial­iza­tions:

• con­struc­tor;
• physi­cist;
• tech­nol­o­gist;
• econ­o­mist;
• tester;
• bio­engi­neer;
• mil­i­tary engi­neer;
• mechan­ic;
• design­er.

This is an incom­plete list of spe­cial­ties, they may vary depend­ing on the respon­si­bil­i­ties of enter­pris­es where spe­cial­ists of this pro­file are required:

• researcher;
• cir­cuit engi­neer;
• roboti­cist;
• hydraulic engi­neer;
• com­mis­sion­ing and test­ing engi­neer;
• soft­ware engi­neer;
• war­ran­ty engi­neer;
• PC repair;
• forestry;
• for test­ing;
• for ven­ti­la­tion;
• devel­op­ment engi­neer;
• math­e­mat­i­cal engi­neer;
• defec­to­scopist;
• strong;
• installer.

A vari­ety of spe­cial­ties aris­es from the suc­cess­ful com­bi­na­tion of engi­neer­ing with oth­er sci­ences. So, there is a young direc­tion of social engi­neer­ing, which com­bines the main func­tions and meth­ods of soci­ol­o­gy and engi­neer­ing. A per­son with this spe­cial­ty works to study the behav­ior of peo­ple in var­i­ous sit­u­a­tions of a crit­i­cal nature.

Engi­neer­ing is also com­bined with infor­mat­ics, which has firm­ly entered human life. This makes the spe­cial­ty of a com­put­er engi­neer in demand, whose tasks include tech­ni­cal sup­port for the per­for­mance of any com­put­er­ized enter­prise. Con­sid­er the char­ac­ter­is­tics of oth­er engi­neer­ing spe­cial­ties.

Design engi­neers are found in var­i­ous indus­tries. Their main task is the need to devel­op a design of mech­a­nisms, build­ings or prod­ucts that are in great demand. The inven­tor makes a cal­cu­la­tion based on his ideas, and then brings them to life. This spe­cial­ty will be in demand in pro­duc­tion, where it is nec­es­sary to design var­i­ous devices, mech­a­nisms, devices and oth­er prod­ucts, for exam­ple, clothes, fur­ni­ture or tele­phones. The spe­cial­ty of a design­er in mechan­i­cal engi­neer­ing is in great demand.

This is a group of engi­neers whose activ­i­ties are aimed at design­ing and design­ing devices of var­i­ous nature. A fea­ture of this spe­cial­ty is that all devices devel­oped by these spe­cial­ists must be based on phys­i­cal process­es. Spe­cial­ists of this pro­file can choose dif­fer­ent areas of train­ing. They will be in demand in engi­neer­ing physics and will be able to con­duct research in inno­v­a­tive dis­ci­plines such as com­put­er sci­ence, robot­ics, cir­cuit and board design. These spe­cial­ists are also in demand in the IT field.

Engi­neers in this indus­try are most often found in man­u­fac­tur­ing plants. They are faced with the main task — to ratio­nal­ly orga­nize the pro­duc­tion process and take into account exist­ing equip­ment, as well as design and select new equip­ment. This spe­cial­ty can be applied in the food, chem­i­cal, light, oil refin­ing, wood­work­ing, met­al­lur­gi­cal, print­ing indus­tries. Each of the pro­duc­tions requires con­stant mon­i­tor­ing of com­pli­ance with the stan­dards for each oper­a­tion in order to ensure the sta­bil­i­ty and rhythm of pro­duc­tion with­out dis­rupt­ing the planned vol­umes.

Engi­neers-econ­o­mists are a spe­cial­ty that bor­ders between a finan­cial and a tech­ni­cal pro­file. It suc­cess­ful­ly com­bines both direc­tions with­out high­light­ing the dom­i­nance of any of them. Fea­tures of this pro­fes­sion are deter­mined depend­ing on the place of work of the engi­neer and on the direc­tion of the enter­prise. An engi­neer-econ­o­mist dif­fers from an ordi­nary econ­o­mist in that the work of the for­mer does not relate to account­ing and report­ing on mon­ey. From the eco­nom­ic guide, the spe­cial­ty took on the need to ana­lyze tech­ni­cal projects, plans and work per­formed to be car­ried out.

The analy­sis is based on indi­ca­tors such as prof­itabil­i­ty, prof­itabil­i­ty, the rate of increase or decrease in pro­duc­tiv­i­ty, resource costs and pay­back peri­od. Accord­ing to the clas­si­fi­er of pro­fes­sions, engi­neer-econ­o­mists are dis­tin­guished in water and rail trans­port. The main goal of an engi­neer-econ­o­mist at any enter­prise is to increase the eco­nom­ic effi­cien­cy of work, orga­nize the plans drawn up, cal­cu­late the cal­cu­lat­ed costs and ana­lyze the eco­nom­ic work.

The work of test engi­neers is aimed at intro­duc­ing new equip­ment and test­ing machines or devices, after which he makes a con­clu­sion about the need for their improve­ment. This direc­tion is in demand in auto­mo­bile con­cerns, in mil­i­tary, avi­a­tion and space orga­ni­za­tions, com­pa­nies that are engaged in elec­tron­ics and robot­ics. The engi­neers of this spe­cial­ty are tasked with tak­ing part in the devel­op­ment of pro­grams and meth­ods by which tests will be car­ried out, direct­ly con­duct­ing these tests, and then pro­cess­ing their results.

These are spe­cial­ists who study and change the char­ac­ter­is­tics of liv­ing organ­isms. This pro­fes­sion com­bines physics, chem­istry, biol­o­gy, genet­ic engi­neer­ing and com­put­er tech­nol­o­gy. Spe­cial­ists in this area are most often involved in the devel­op­ment of new pro­ce­dures based on inter­dis­ci­pli­nary knowl­edge. As a result of activ­i­ty, new tech­nolo­gies are emerg­ing that make life eas­i­er on the plan­et.

The activ­i­ties of mil­i­tary engi­neers are direct­ed to the cre­ation of com­bat vehi­cles, as well as the devel­op­ment of tech­nolo­gies and equip­ment that will be use­ful in mil­i­tary affairs. This spe­cial­ty com­bines design engi­neers and tech­nol­o­gists-econ­o­mists. The pro­fes­sion of a mil­i­tary engi­neer is quite trau­mat­ic, most often it does not have sta­bil­i­ty in the field of work and is asso­ci­at­ed with reg­u­lar busi­ness trips. Spe­cial­ists in this area are devel­op­ing new tech­niques, which will take into account all mod­ern tech­niques. They ser­vice and repair prod­ucts that are of strate­gic impor­tance in the indus­try, and per­form facil­i­ty draw­ings.

This group of engi­neers deals with the design, con­struc­tion and appli­ca­tion of var­i­ous devices that are of a tech­no­log­i­cal nature. Spe­cial­ists who have received this edu­ca­tion are in high demand in the mod­ern labor mar­ket. They can work in var­i­ous fields. These engi­neers can pro­duce chil­dren’s toys, food prod­ucts, as well as man­u­fac­ture unique devices in the field of radio elec­tron­ics or the rock­et and space indus­try. Most often, mod­ern com­pa­nies require the fol­low­ing job respon­si­bil­i­ties from this spe­cial­ty.

• Com­pile and review tech­ni­cal doc­u­men­ta­tion.
• Plan the place­ment of process units and orga­nize com­mis­sion­ing.
• Con­trol the qual­i­ty of work car­ried out dur­ing pro­duc­tion.
• Orga­nize the cor­rect work, using mod­ern equip­ment, car­ry out its diag­nos­tics and repair if nec­es­sary.
• Pro­vide the enter­prise with spare parts and com­po­nents, con­sum­ables nec­es­sary for work­ing with equip­ment.
• Con­duct train­ing among per­son­nel on work on the devices being put into oper­a­tion.
• To study and devel­op a pol­i­cy for the refur­bish­ment of com­pa­nies and enter­pris­es, as well as the intro­duc­tion of the lat­est equip­ment.

Spe­cial­ists of this pro­file are respon­si­ble for obtain­ing ini­tial infor­ma­tion on the project, car­ry out cal­cu­la­tions of a tech­ni­cal and eco­nom­ic nature, link design and man­age­ment deci­sions in projects under devel­op­ment. They must also devel­op draw­ing doc­u­men­ta­tion, tak­ing into account indus­try stan­dards. Design­ers are most often involved in the cre­ation of archi­tec­tur­al objects or oth­er build­ings, as well as com­mu­ni­ca­tion sys­tems in them. It will not be dif­fi­cult for a design engi­neer to arrange water sup­ply, sew­er­age, ven­ti­la­tion and air con­di­tion­ing sys­tems, elec­tri­cal net­works, and telecom­mu­ni­ca­tion cables.

An engi­neer of a spe­cif­ic pro­file is respon­si­ble for each project. Most often, this spe­cial­ty is found in the con­struc­tion indus­try. In some cas­es, they can be found in mechan­i­cal engi­neer­ing and robot­ics, and even among met­al­lur­gists. Design­ers dif­fer from drafts­men in that the for­mer must cal­cu­late the tech­ni­cal, eco­nom­ic and struc­tur­al char­ac­ter­is­tics of the future object and the com­mu­ni­ca­tion sys­tems embed­ded in it.

In addi­tion to the above areas, there are also engi­neers involved in train­ing, secu­ri­ty, accoun­tants, trans­port engi­neers and oth­er spe­cial­ties.

The tasks of the train­ing engi­neer include orga­niz­ing voca­tion­al train­ing for work­ers and advanced train­ing for the man­age­ment of any enter­prise. The pres­ence of such a spe­cial­ist allows any enter­prise to be more com­pet­i­tive than oth­ers. Employ­ees in such an orga­ni­za­tion always fol­low changes in sci­ence and leg­is­la­tion, improve their skills and effi­cien­cy.

The Safe­ty Engi­neer is respon­si­ble for the knowl­edge of safe­ty pro­ce­dures by per­son­nel, as well as their obser­vance in the per­for­mance of their pro­fes­sion­al duties. In addi­tion to safe­ty, this spe­cial­ist should be a labor pro­tec­tion inspec­tor who ensures the cor­rect work­ing con­di­tions for each employ­ee and excludes them from receiv­ing neg­a­tive impacts from var­i­ous fac­tors.

The trans­port engi­neer should be respon­si­ble for design­ing the trans­port sys­tem. It is also the respon­si­bil­i­ty of this spe­cial­ist to ensure the effec­tive func­tion­ing of the sys­tem devel­oped by him. The spe­cial­ty is close­ly inter­twined with trans­port logis­tics.

A cal­cu­la­tion engi­neer is a rather inter­est­ing pro­fes­sion, since his duties include the need to car­ry out cal­cu­la­tions of a dif­fer­ent nature. He must check the strength and rigid­i­ty of the struc­tures that will be imple­ment­ed. The pro­fes­sion is very respon­si­ble, since a mis­take can cost not only large finan­cial loss­es, but also human lives.

The equip­ment com­ple­tion engi­neer is a spe­cial­ist who is respon­si­ble for the pro­vi­sion of equip­ment and instal­la­tions with mate­ri­als and com­po­nents. He must devel­op sched­ules for the sup­ply of these mate­ri­als to avoid down­time. The main task for the equip­ment com­ple­tion engi­neer is to pro­vide the mate­r­i­al and tech­ni­cal base of the orga­ni­za­tion and con­trol over the imple­men­ta­tion of plans for their sup­ply, as well as the qual­i­ty of the sup­plied ele­ments.

The spe­cial­ty of an engi­neer in any enter­prise must have a cer­tain clas­si­fi­ca­tion, which is called the tol­er­ance lev­el. Dis­tin­guish between the first, sec­ond, third cat­e­go­ry of spe­cial­ists, as well as work­ers who do not have a cat­e­go­ry. Based on this infor­ma­tion, the work­ing con­di­tions of the future engi­neer, as well as his salary, are deter­mined.

Spe­cial­ists who do not have a cat­e­go­ry per­form only sim­ple tasks. They don’t have to make dif­fer­ent deci­sions with­out qual­i­fied engi­neers.

Engi­neers of the 3rd cat­e­go­ry cope with the tasks of an unskilled work­er, they are required to devel­op sim­ple draw­ings, not make deci­sions and do their work under the super­vi­sion of a spe­cial­ist of the first cat­e­go­ry.

The sec­ond cat­e­go­ry of engi­neers receives per­mis­sion and the abil­i­ty to devel­op draw­ings for some parts and small equip­ment with a sim­ple struc­ture, as well as assem­ble these parts.

Engi­neers of the first cat­e­go­ry are most often the heads of this depart­ment, mon­i­tor the imple­men­ta­tion of all tasks, and are also respon­si­ble for the cor­rect­ness of draw­ings and cal­cu­la­tions. They are respon­si­ble for opti­miz­ing the exist­ing plant sys­tems.

Engi­neer­ing spe­cial­ists receive a cat­e­go­ry lev­el by pass­ing a spe­cial­ized cer­ti­fi­ca­tion. Dates may be set by a gov­ern­ment agency or by inde­pen­dent com­mis­sions hired by com­pa­nies.

The engi­neer­ing spe­cial­ty has always been and will be quite in demand in the labor mar­ket, but it requires a lot of effort to obtain the rel­e­vant knowl­edge and expe­ri­ence. The com­pet­i­tive­ness of spe­cial­ists is based on their skills and aware­ness of the lat­est dis­cov­er­ies in var­i­ous fields.