work features. Surveyor-topographer and other professions. What is he doing? Salary and training. Job description

Know­ing the fea­tures of the work of a sur­vey­or, what he does accord­ing to the job descrip­tion, will allow you to decide whether it is worth mas­ter­ing such a spe­cial­iza­tion or not. It will be nec­es­sary to study the specifics of sur­vey­ors-topog­ra­phers and oth­er areas of this pro­fes­sion. It is not out of place, final­ly, to pay atten­tion to salaries and train­ing.

Since ancient times, peo­ple have been build­ing, trav­el­ing, trans­port­ing goods — but all this, as well as many oth­er things, could not be done with­out map­ping the area. That is why the his­to­ry of the pro­fes­sion of a sur­vey­or goes back to time immemo­r­i­al. It is known for sure that already in antiq­ui­ty, and even ear­li­er, in the great civ­i­liza­tions of antiq­ui­ty, it was impos­si­ble to do with­out maps and plans. In sub­se­quent cen­turies, the need for land sur­vey­ing only grew, and peo­ple who own it were in demand in all states.

But the impor­tance of geo­det­ic activ­i­ty espe­cial­ly increased with the begin­ning of the indus­tri­al rev­o­lu­tion. Already design­ing rail­ways with the help of ancient tools proved impos­si­ble. Lat­er, when the scale of eco­nom­ic activ­i­ty increased from the end of the 19th cen­tu­ry, when there were many more lin­ear struc­tures, the lev­el of tech­ni­cal equip­ment in geo­desy increased dra­mat­i­cal­ly. Both the pres­tige of the spe­cial­ists employed in it and the rel­a­tive lev­el of wages have increased. It is quite dif­fi­cult to work as a sur­vey­or, this activ­i­ty is rel­a­tive­ly of the same type — but on the oth­er hand, almost every­thing that is cre­at­ed by man will also have your con­tri­bu­tion.

A real sur­vey­or is a spe­cial­ist of a fair­ly broad pro­file. A large part of his work takes place on the ground, where he has to mark and mea­sure many dif­fer­ent objects and objects, mea­sure dis­tances. Then, in the office envi­ron­ment, all these data are sum­ma­rized and become the basis for com­pu­ta­tion­al and car­to­graph­ic mod­els. Nei­ther the com­mis­sion­ing of a new land plot, nor the con­struc­tion of an apart­ment build­ing or a road, nor even the prepa­ra­tion of mas­ter plans for the devel­op­ment of the area, are unthink­able with­out geo­det­ic work.

These three pro­fes­sions are often con­fused with each oth­er — and in fact, they over­lap in many ways. A cadas­tral engi­neer works in exact­ly the same way as a sur­vey­or. How­ev­er, he pre­pares var­i­ous maps and plans, offi­cial doc­u­ments reflect­ing the bound­aries of land plots, and oth­er mate­ri­als nec­es­sary for the state land cadas­tre. A sim­ple sur­vey­or does not have such pow­ers, since they still require knowl­edge of many legal and even eco­nom­ic sub­tleties. On the oth­er hand, a cadas­tral engi­neer will not be able, for exam­ple, to con­trol the progress of con­struc­tion and the exe­cu­tion of land man­age­ment doc­u­men­ta­tion in its process.

The mine sur­vey­or is a pro­fes­sion­al of an even high­er lev­el. Much of his work goes under­ground, which cre­ates addi­tion­al risks. Even if these risks are only poten­tial, work­ing con­di­tions are much hard­er. We will have to fur­ther study infor­ma­tion about ground­wa­ter and min­er­als. Yes, and gen­er­al geol­o­gy in mine sur­vey­ing is much more sig­nif­i­cant.

It is worth point­ing out right away that the demand for and prospects of the geo­det­ic pro­fes­sion is unde­ni­able. Peo­ple will mark the land and delim­it plots for many hun­dreds and thou­sands of years; even with the dis­ap­pear­ance of the insti­tu­tion of prop­er­ty in any coun­try, prac­ti­cal con­sid­er­a­tions will not dis­ap­pear any­where.

How­ev­er, you need to under­stand that:

• it can be dif­fi­cult to work pure­ly in the phys­i­cal plane;
• you will have to for­get about the rationing of the work­ing day;
• you will need to spend a lot of time out­doors, regard­less of the weath­er;
• often need to go on busi­ness trips for a long time;
• iron health will be a manda­to­ry require­ment;
• mea­sure­ments on the ground some­times require cov­er­ing tens of kilo­me­ters — and even in hard-to-reach sparse­ly pop­u­lat­ed areas.

An employ­ee in the posi­tion of a sur­vey­or is pri­mar­i­ly engaged in a com­plex set of mea­sur­ing work. At the same time, he must com­ply with a num­ber of require­ments — in terms of accu­ra­cy, urgency, and the vol­ume of mea­sure­ments. You also have to pro­duce:

• mark­ing work on the ground;
• con­trol of pos­si­ble vio­la­tions at the facil­i­ties;
• check­ing the defor­ma­tion of build­ings and struc­tures based on the results of mea­sure­ments;
• exec­u­tive sur­vey of struc­tures and open parts of under­ground facil­i­ties;
• obser­va­tion of geo­des­ic signs and the accu­ra­cy of their place­ment.

Any­one who does all this must know:

• leg­is­la­tion and local reg­u­la­tions in terms of envi­ron­men­tal pro­tec­tion;
• norms for the use of nat­ur­al resources;
• method­olog­i­cal stan­dards for car­ry­ing out work, includ­ing remote sens­ing;
• nuances of the pro­duc­tion of geo­det­ic works in a par­tic­u­lar area;
• basic instruc­tions and instruc­tions of the man­age­ment;
• fea­tures of tools and equip­ment;
• ver­i­fi­ca­tion and adjust­ment stan­dards;
• doc­u­men­ta­tion rules;
• order of draw­ing up maps and plans.

It is he who con­trols the exe­cu­tion of spe­cif­ic works and adher­ence to their estab­lished sched­ule. He should also super­vise the main­te­nance of field doc­u­men­ta­tion and the prepa­ra­tion of reports on the work done. It is with the sanc­tion of the chief sur­vey­or and by his direct order that only new meth­ods and ways of work­ing, new types of equip­ment can be intro­duced. Final­ly, it is he who gives orders and dis­trib­utes respon­si­bil­i­ties on a par­tic­u­lar expe­di­tion or busi­ness trip.

As for the lead­ing sur­vey­ors, they:

• per­son­al­ly per­form work pack­ages;
• accept tasks from cus­tomers and clar­i­fy the nuances;
• con­trol the move­ment and defor­ma­tion of var­i­ous struc­tures in the course of work;
• noti­fy man­agers of all dan­ger­ous and emer­gency sit­u­a­tions;
• present the objects of inspec­tion to the con­trol com­mis­sions;
• com­ply with the estab­lished orders, includ­ing those regard­ing work sched­ules.

This spe­cial­ist, accord­ing to the pro­fes­sion­al stan­dard and job descrip­tions, is oblig­ed to do a lot — there­fore, his pow­ers are also very wide. In par­tic­u­lar, they include the require­ment for opti­mal work­ing con­di­tions — includ­ing in hard-to-reach areas. Accom­mo­da­tion, food, equip­ment and equip­ment should nor­mal­ly be pro­vid­ed and pro­vid­ed by the employ­er. Also the priv­i­leges of sur­vey­ors are:

• for­ma­tion of pro­pos­als on how to improve work in their field;
• obtain­ing access to infor­ma­tion required for the per­for­mance of work;
• approval of doc­u­ments or refusal to leave a sig­na­ture;
• famil­iar­iza­tion with draft orders and orders on their activ­i­ties;
• receiv­ing addi­tion­al pay­ments when work­ing on an irreg­u­lar sched­ule.

The sur­vey­or and topog­ra­ph­er must be respon­si­ble in the event of:

• vio­la­tions of admin­is­tra­tive or crim­i­nal norms;
• dis­clo­sure of con­fi­den­tial infor­ma­tion;
• fail­ure to ful­fill oblig­a­tions under employ­ment con­tracts and job descrip­tions (with­in the pro­vi­sions of the Labor Code);
• caus­ing mate­r­i­al and moral dam­age to the employ­er and oth­er per­sons, orga­ni­za­tions.

The spe­cial­ty “geo­desy” requires high­er tech­ni­cal edu­ca­tion. The nec­es­sary train­ing is car­ried out either in col­leges or in high­er edu­ca­tion­al insti­tu­tions. Since this pro­fes­sion belongs to the tech­ni­cal cat­e­go­ry, the answer, which sub­jects to take, is quite obvi­ous. Rel­e­vant knowl­edge of math­e­mat­ics, geog­ra­phy and physics. Almost any edu­ca­tion­al insti­tu­tion also requires basic knowl­edge in the field of geol­o­gy.

The train­ing itself involves the devel­op­ment of:

• reg­u­la­to­ry require­ments;
• GOST in the field of con­struc­tion;
• build­ing codes and reg­u­la­tions;
• spe­cial­ized soft­ware pack­ages.

The applied part of the train­ing involves the devel­op­ment of work on spe­cial­ized equip­ment. Along with tachome­ters and lev­els, you will also have to mas­ter the skills of manip­u­lat­ing GPS receivers. Aver­age spe­cial train­ing takes 3–3.5 years. High­er geo­det­ic edu­ca­tion is obtained in 4.5–6 years.

For future spe­cial­ists, train­ing pro­files are suit­able:

• “Car­tog­ra­phy”;
• “Geo­desy and remote sens­ing”;
• “Car­tog­ra­phy and geoin­for­mat­ics”;
• “Applied Geo­desy”.

Required train­ing is pro­vid­ed by:

• Moscow State Uni­ver­si­ty for Land Man­age­ment;
• RUDN;
• Russ­ian Agrar­i­an Uni­ver­si­ty;
• Moscow State Uni­ver­si­ty;
• Col­lege of Archi­tec­ture and Urban Plan­ning of Moscow;
• St. Peters­burg State Uni­ver­si­ty;
• Min­ing Uni­ver­si­ty of St. Peters­burg.

Out­side the two cap­i­tals, train­ing is car­ried out in:

• State Uni­ver­si­ty of Kalmykia;
• UrFU;
• Sara­tov Research Uni­ver­si­ty;
• Poly­tech­nic Uni­ver­si­ty of Tom­sk;
• Bashkir State Uni­ver­si­ty;
• Pacif­ic State Uni­ver­si­ty;
• Tech­ni­cal Uni­ver­si­ty of Voronezh.

Refresh­er cours­es are orga­nized in spe­cial edu­ca­tion­al insti­tu­tions or at con­struc­tion com­pa­nies. In some cas­es, they are sent for retrain­ing abroad. Admis­sion to work is pos­si­ble only after pass­ing cer­ti­fi­ca­tion.

The vast major­i­ty of spe­cial­ists in the field of geo­desy work in con­struc­tion orga­ni­za­tions. They are attract­ed when it comes to build­ing any­thing:

• pri­vate house;
• res­i­den­tial com­plex;
• indus­tri­al enter­prise;
• trans­port object;
• pow­er plants;
• dis­tri­b­u­tion net­works;
• trade and edu­ca­tion­al insti­tu­tions.

But with­out geo­desy it is impos­si­ble to deter­mine the bound­aries, indi­vid­ual parts of the land. No won­der sur­vey­ors after a lit­tle retrain­ing can become cadas­tral engi­neers. Pro­fes­sion­als have to not only trav­el “through towns and vil­lages”. Quite often you need to go to the moun­tains and deserts, forests and tun­dra for a vari­ety of pur­pos­es. Even if an object has already been built some­where, geo­det­ic con­trol allows you to make sure that every­thing is in order with it.

The mil­i­tary sur­vey­or serves main­ly in artillery and mis­sile units. If nec­es­sary, the effec­tive­ness of mil­i­tary oper­a­tions, or rather, the use of pow­er­ful weapons, large­ly depends on him. Since the need to fight, alas, can arise almost every­where and in any area sud­den­ly, you have to con­stant­ly update infor­ma­tion about a vari­ety of areas. To do this, with a cer­tain fre­quen­cy, they recheck the pre­vi­ous mea­sure­ments, maps and plans through­out the coun­try.

The aver­age salary of sur­vey­ors in Rus­sia is 53,000 rubles. It is direct­ly affect­ed by the place of res­i­dence and the demand for this spe­cial­iza­tion. The bet­ter the eco­nom­ic sit­u­a­tion in the region, the high­er the income. Bonus­es are based on senior­i­ty and work expe­ri­ence.

In Moscow and its envi­rons, the aver­age salary reach­es 50,000 rubles. In the north­ern cap­i­tal, the rate will be 45,000. In Udmur­tia, sur­vey­ors are ready to pay up to 90,000. In Tyva, the usu­al pay­ment reach­es 80,000. Pro­fes­sion­als with­out expe­ri­ence can count on income no more than:

• 40 thou­sand rubles in the cap­i­tal;
• 32 thou­sand in St. Peters­burg;
• 20 thou­sand in Voronezh.